Rasionalitas Agama Menurut Muhammad Abduh
Abstract
The study in this paper describes the rationality of Muhammad Abduh in
some of his works by going to take some samples of religious domains that
generate a lot of polemics, both among Muslims themselves, philosophers
and theologians, as well as outside Muslims, the orientalists.
Muhammad Abduh was greatly influenced by Jamal ud-Din al-Afghani, the
founder of the modern pan-Islamic movement which sought to unite the
Muslim world under the banner of the faith. When they met in al-Azhar in
1872 Abduh was roused from his asceticism to activism and sought to bring
about a renaissance of Islam and a liberation of Muslims from colonialism.
Unlike his mentor, Jamal ud-Din al-Afghani, Abduh tried to separate politics
from religious reform. Abduh advocated the reform of Islam by bringing it
back to its pristine state and casting off what he viewed as its contemporary
decadence and division. His views were opposed by the established political
and religious order, but were later embraced by Arab nationalism after
World War I.
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